Theory
As a student progresses through the grades in Tae Kwon-Do, they will need to learn various facts, commands and techniques. Where the English and Korean translation is available, both languages need to be learned.
Match Game
Many people find it hard to learn Taekwon-do theory and frequently struggle to remember the English and Korean translation for terms.
An easier way to learn is by playing a games.
Match is the classic game of pairing related items together in as short a time as possible.
Theory
The Founder Of Taekwon-Do, General Choi Hong Hi, 9th Degree Black Belt.
Theory
Taekwon-Do is a Korean martial art.
Theory
Taekwon-Do literally means ‘Foot Hand Art’ - The art of hand and foot fighting.
Theory
Taekwon-Do was founded on 11th April 1955.
Theory
ITF - International Taekwon-Do Federation.
Theory
Tenents Of Taekwon-Do
- Courtesy
- Integrity
- Perseverance
- Self Control
- Indominatable Spirit
Commands
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| Attention | Charyot |
| Ready | Junbi |
| Back to Ready | Paro |
| At Ease | Swiyo |
| Dismiss | Hae San |
Numbers
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| One | Hanna |
| Two | Dul |
| Three | Set |
| Four | Net |
| Five | Dasot |
| Six | Yasot |
| Seven | Elgob |
| Eight | Yadol |
| Nine | Ahop |
| Ten | Yol |
Levels
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| Low | Najunde |
| Middle | Kaunde |
| High | Nopunde |
Titles
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| Instructor | Sabum |
Terms
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| Foot | Tae |
| Hand | Kwon |
| Art | Do |
| Pattern | Tul |
| Release | Jappyosul Tae |
| Dodging | Phihagi |
| Stepping | Omgyo Didigi |
| Sliding | Mikulgi |
| Turning | Dolgi |
| Jumping | Twigi |
| Body Dropping | Mom Nachugi |
| Foot Shifting | Jajun Bal |
| Foot Lifting | Bal Dulgi |
Body Parts
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| Fore Fist | Ap Joomuk |
| Knife-Hand | Sonkal |
| Forearm | Palmok |
| Outer Forearm | Bakat Palmok |
| Inner Forearm | An Palmok |
| Knee | Moorup |
| Clenched Fist | Jwinun Bop |
| Back Fist | Dung Joomuk |
| Long Fist | Ghin Joomuk |
| Open Fist | Pyun Joomuk |
| Palm | Sonbadak |
| Knuckle Fist | Sonkarak Joomuk |
| Middle Knuckle Fist | Joongji Joomuk |
| Fore-Knunckle Fist | Inji Joomuk |
| Thumb Knuckle Fist | Umji Joomuk |
| Reverse Knife-Hand | Sonkal Dung |
| Fingertips | Sonkut |
| Flat Fingertip | Opun Sonkut |
| Straight Fingertip | Sun Sonkut |
| Upset Fingertip | Dwijibun Sonkut |
| Angle Fingertip | Homi Sonkut |
| Thumb | Umji |
| Forefinger | Han Sonkarak |
| Double Fingertip | Doo Sonkarak |
| Arc-Hand | Bandal Son |
| Back Hand | Sondung |
| Back Forearm | Dung Palmok |
| Under Forearm | Mit Palmok |
| Elbow | Palkup |
| Finger Pincers | Jipge Son |
| Base Of Knife-Hand | Sonkal Batang |
| Press Finger | Jiap |
| Bear Hand | Gomson |
| Bow Wrist | Sonmok Dung |
| Finger Belly | Songarak Badak |
| Thunb Ridge | Umji Batang |
| Ball Of Foot | Apkumchi |
| Footsword | Balkal |
| Back Sole | Dwitkumchi |
| Back Heel | Dwichook |
| Instep | Baldung |
| Side Instep | Yop Baldung |
| Reverse Footsword | Balkal Dung |
| Side Sole | Yop Bal Badak |
| Toes | Balkut |
| Forehead | Ima |
| Occiput | Hudoo |
| Shoulder | Euhke |
| Inner Ankle Joint | An Balmok Gwanjol |
| Outer Ankle Joint | Bakat Balmok Gwanjol |
| Tibia | Kyong Gol |
| Inner Tibia | An Kyong Gol |
| Outer Tibia | Bakat Kyong Gol |
| Back Tibia | Dwit Kyong Gol |
| Toe Edge | Balgarak Nal |
| Shin | Jong Kwaeng-i |
Stances
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| Attention Stance | Charyot Sogi |
| Parallel Stance | Narani Sogi |
| Walking Stance | Gunnun Sogi |
| Sitting Stance | Annun Sogi |
| L-Stance | Niunja Sogi |
| Bending Stance | Guburyo Sogi |
| Fixed Stance | Gojung Sogi |
| X-Stance | Kyocha Sogi |
| Low Stance | Nachuo Sogi |
| Close Stance | Moa Sogi |
| Vertical Stance | Soojik Sogi |
| Open Stance | Palja Sogi |
| Inner Open Stance | An Palja Sogi |
| Outer Open Stance | Bakat Palja Sogi |
| Diagonal Stance | Sasun Sogi |
| Crouched Stance | Oguryo Sogi |
| One-Leg Stance | Waebal Sogi |
| Rear Foot Stance | Dwitbal Sogi |
| Ready Stance | Junbi Sogi |
| Bow Posture | Kyong Ye Jase |
| Parallel Ready Stance | Narani Junbi Sogi |
| Open Ready Stance | Palja Junbi Sogi |
| Sitting Ready Stance | Annun Junbi Sogi |
| Close Ready Stance | Moa Junbi Sogi |
| Walking Ready Stance | Gunnun Junbi Sogi |
| Bending Ready Stance | Guburyo Junbi Sogi |
| L-Ready Stance | Niunja Junbi sogi |
| X-Ready Stance | Kyocha Junbi sogi |
| Close Ready Stance A | Moa Junbi Sogi A |
| Close Ready Stance B | Moa Junbi Sogi B |
| Close Ready Stance C | Moa Junbi Sogi C |
| Bending Ready Stance A | Guburyo Junbi Sogi A |
| Bending Ready Stance B | Guburyo Junbi Sogi B |
Strikes
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| Obverse Punch | Baro Jirugi |
| Reverse Punch | Bandae Jirugi |
| Straight Fingertip Thrust | Sun Sonkut Tulgi |
| Elbow Strike | Palkup Taerigi |
| Back Fist Strike | Dung Joomuk Taerigi |
| Upper Elbow Strike | Wi Palkup Taerigi |
| Twin Vertical Punch | Sang Sewo Jirugi |
| Twin Upset punch | Sang Dwijibo Jirugi |
| Angle Punch | Giokja Jirugi |
| Low Upset Thrust | Najunde Dwijibun Sonkut Tulgi |
| Twin Side Elbow Thrust | Sang Yop Palkup Tulgi |
| High Flat Finger-Tip Thrust | Nopunde Opun Sonkut Tulgi |
| Downward knife-hand Strike | Naeryo Sonkal Taerigi |
| Elbow Thrust | Palkup Tulgi |
| Inward knife-hand Strike | Anuro Sonkal Taerigi |
| High Reverse knife-hand Front Strike | Nopunde Sonkal Dung Ap Taerigi |
| Walking Stance Obverse Punch | Gunnun So Baro Jirugi |
| L-Stance Obverse Punch | Niunja So Baro Jirugi |
| Rear Foot Stance Reverse Punch | Dwitbal So Bandae Jirugi |
| Vertical Stance Punch | Soojik So Jirugi |
| X-Stance Punch | Kyocha So Jirugi |
| Vertical Punch | Sewo Jirugi |
| Side Punch | Yop Jirugi |
| Side Front Punch | Yobap Jirugi |
| Side Vertical Punch | Yop Sewo Jirugi |
| Upward Punch | Ollyo Jirugi |
| Upset Punch | Dwijibo Jirugi |
| U-Shape Punch | Digutja Jirugi |
| Downward Punch | Naeryo Jirugi |
| Crescent Punch | Bandal Jirugi |
| Turning Punch | Dollyo Jirugi |
| Knuckle Fist Punch | Songarak Joomuk Jirugi |
| Horizontal Punch | Soopyong Jirugi |
| Downward Thrust | Naeryo Tulgi |
| Side Thrust | Yop Tulgi |
| Side Front Thrust | Yobap Tulgi |
| Horizontal Thrust | Soopyong Tulgi |
| Inward Strike | Anuro Taerigi |
| Downward Strike | Naeryo Taerigi |
| Outward Strike | Bakuro Taerigi |
| Side Strike | Yop Taerigi |
| Horizontal Strike | Soopyong Taerigi |
| Front Strike | Ap Taerigi |
| Crescent Strike | Bandal Taerigi |
| Side Back Strike | Yopdwi Taerigi |
| Side Front Strike | Yobap Taerigi |
Blocks
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| L-Stance Knife-Hand Guarding Block | Niunja So Sonkal Daebi Makgi |
| L-Stance Twin Forearm Block | Niunja So Sang Palmok Makgi |
| Palm Hooking Block | Sonbadak Golcho Makgi |
| High Double Forearm Block | Nopunde Doo Palmok Makgi |
| Palm Upward Block | Sonbadak Ollyo Makgi |
| X-Fist Rising Block | Kyocha Joomuk Chookyo Makgi |
| Palm Pressing Block | Sonbadak Noollo Makgi |
| X-Fist Pressing Block | Kyocha Joomuk Noolo Makgi |
| Double Forearm Pushing Block | Doo Palmok Miro Makgi |
| High Inner Forearm Side Block | Nopunde An Palmok Yop Makgi |
| Inward Outer Forearm Block | Anuro Bakat Palmok Makgi |
| X Knife-Hand Block | Kyocha Sonkal Makgi |
| High Block | Nopunde Makgi |
| Middle Block | Kaunde Makgi |
| Low Block | Najunde Makgi |
| Inward Block | Anuro Makgi |
| Outward Block | Bakuro Makgi |
| Front Block | Ap Makgi |
| Side Block | Yop Makgi |
| Side Front Block | Yobap Makgi |
| Double Forearm Block | Doo Palmok Makgi |
| Waist Block | Hori Makgi |
| Checking Block | Mochau Makgi |
| Outside Block | Bakat Makgi |
| Inside Block | An Makgi |
| Rising Block | Chookyo Makgi |
| Upward block | Ollyo Makgi |
| Downward Block | Naeryo Makgi |
| Pressing Block | Noollo Makgi |
| Hooking Block | Golcho Makgi |
| Wedging Block | Hechyo Makgi |
| Grasping Block | Butjab Makgi |
| Parallel Block | Narani Makgi |
| Pushing Block | Miron Makgi |
| Luring Block | Yuin Makgi |
| Scooping Block | Duro Makgi |
| Guarding Block | Daebi Makgi |
| Twin Forearm Block | Sang Palmok Makgi |
| Twin Knife-Hand Block | Sang Sonkal Makgi |
| Double Arc-Hand Block | Doo Bandalson Makgi |
| Circular Block | Dollimyo Makgi |
| Nine Shape Block | Gutja Makgi |
| U-Shape Block | Mongdung-i Makgi |
| U-Shape Grasp | Mongdung-i Japgi |
| W-Shape Block | San Makgi |
| Horizontal Block | Soopyong Makgi |
| Dodging | Pihangi |
Kicks
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| Front Snap Kick | Apcha busigi |
| Front Rising Kick | Apcha Olligi |
| Side Piercing Kick | Yopcha Jirugi |
| Flying High Kick | Twimyo Nopi Chagi |
| Flying Side Piercing Kick | Twimyo Yopcha Jirugi |
| Turning Kick | Dollyo Chagi |
| Double Side Piercing Kick | I-Jung Yopcha Jirugi |
| Downward Kick | Naeryo Chagi |
| Crescent Kick | Bandal Chagi |
| Twisting Kick | Bituro Chagi |
| Checking Kick | Cha Momchugi |
| Pressing Kick | Noollo Chagi |
| Reverse Turning Kick | Bandae Dollyo Chagi |
| Back Piercing Kick | Dwitcha Jirugi |
| Hooking Kick | Golcho Chagi |
| Reverse Hooking Kick | Bandae Dollyo Goro Chagi |
| Upward Kick | Ollyo Chagi |
| Flying Reverse Turning Kick | Twimyo Bandae Dollyo Chagi |
| Flying Back Piercing Kick | Twimyo Dwitcha Jirugi |
| Consecutive Kick | Yonsok Chagi |
| High Kick | Nopunde Chagi |
| Middle Kick | Kaunde Chagi |
| Low Kick | Najunde Chagi |
| Piercing Kick | Cha Jirugi |
| Back Pushing Kick | Dwitcha Milgi |
| Side Thrusting Kick | Yopcha Tulgi |
| Side Pushing Kick | Yopcha Milgi |
| Smashing Kick | Cha Busigi |
| Side Front Snap Kick | Yobap Cha Busigi |
| Back Snap Kick | Dwitcha Busigi |
| Stamping Kick | Cha Bapgi |
| Side Turning Kick | Yop Dollyo Chagi |
| Pick-Shape Kick | Gok-Kaeng-i Chagi |
| Vertical Kick | Sewo Chagi |
| Sweeping Kick | Suroh Chagi |
| Grasping Kick | Butjapgo Chagi |
| Straight Kick | Jigeau Chagi |
| Punching Kick | Jiumyo Chagi |
| Counter Kick | Bada Chagi |
| Foot Tackling | Bal Golgi |
| Skip Kick | Duro Gamyo Chagi |
| Two Direction Kick | Sangbang Chagi |
| Flying Kick | Twimyo Chagi |
| Mid-Air Kick | Twio Dolmyo Chagi |
| Overhead Kick | Twio Nomo Chagi |
| Flying Scissor-Shape Kick | Twimyo Kawil Chagi |
| Flying Trapeziod Punching-Kick | Twimyo Jirumyo Chagi |
| Flying U-Shape Punching-Side Kick | Twio Digutja Jirumyo Yop Chagi |
| Flying Double Kick | Twimyo I-jung Chagi |
| Flying Triple Kick | Twimyo Samjung Chagi |
| Flying Consecutive Kick | Twimyo Yonsok Chagi |
| Flying Combination Kick | Twimyo Honap Chagi |
| Rising Kick | Cha Olligi |
| Cresent Kick | Bandal Chagi |
| Waving Kick | Doro Chagi |
Sparring
| English | Korean |
|---|---|
| 3-Step Sparring | Sambo Matsogi |
| 2-Step Sparring | Ibo Matsogi |
| 1-Step Sparring | Ilbo Matsogi |
| Semi-Free Sparring | Ban Jayu Matsogi |
| Free Sparring | Jayu Matsogi |
| Self-defence technique | Jagi Bang-eo Gisul |